Direct quotes in essays

Following the rules of properly integrating quotes into your paper is essential for the proper formatting of your writing and, subsequently, for the grade you get.

Using Search Engines Wisely! Using Sources Correctly There are three main ways to uses sources in your research paper. Or you may summarize. All three require an in-text parenthetical citation! As your instructor reads your essay, he or she should clearly be able to see which sentences, facts, or sections of your essay came from Source A, Source B, or Source C, etc.

You can give credit to your sources within your text in two different ways: Your paper might say something like Notice also that I placed the date that the book was published directly after the author's name in parentheses--this is proper APA format.

If I was using a particular website instead of John Smith's bookthe signal phrase would look exactly the same, but I would say "According to Pocahontasrules. Use an in-text citation in situations where you are not quoting someone directly, but rather using information from another source such as a fact, summary, or paraphrase to support your own ideas.

She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA style," but she did not offer an explanation Jones,p. Notice that it's clear within this sentence that I'm referring to a certain person's beliefs, but since this person's name does not appear at the beginning of the sentence, I have placed her name, the year that her article was published, and the page number where I retrieved this information in parentheses at the end of the sentence.

Information on how to format an in-text citation Summarizing Sources Summarize an article or a larger section of an article whenever you simply want to present the author's general ideas in your essay.

How to Write an Effective Summary: Cover up the original article, it is key that you not quote from the original work.

Restate what you've read in your own words, and be sure to give the author credit using an in-text citation. Congressman Joe Smith believes that our approach to reforming the healthcare system is backwards and costly.

He discusses our rising national debt in "Healthcare: Let's Talk" and lists several statistics to prove that Obama's new plan will only make things worse. Summaries are most often used to condense larger texts into more manageable chucks.

However, as a writer you should be aware that this more manageable chunks and easily become vague and weigh your paper down with fluff. Take a look at these examples: The original passage from The Confident Student 6th ed.

No matter what condition your body is in, you can pretty much guarantee that poor health habits will lead to a lack of academic success. Students need to take time for their physical and emotional well-being, as well as their studies, during college Kanar No matter how old you are, your well-being and your health can impact your ability to do a good job at school.

If you choose not to eat well, exercise, deal with stress, and avoid getting drunk, then your grades will go down Kanar Because the art of paraphrasing is more concise than summarizing, a true paraphrase shows that you as a researcher completely understand the source work. Quoting your sources If you need help incorporating your sources into your essay, the first thing you'll need to remember is that quotes cannot stand alone--they can't be placed in a sentence all by themselves.

You need to make each quote a part of your essay by introducing it beforehand and commenting on it afterward. Think of each quote like a sandwich—the quote is the meat on the inside, but before you taste the meat, you must also be introduced to the sandwich by the bread.

After you bite down on that meat, you need the other piece of bread to round out the meal. The bottom piece of bread points out what was important about the quote and elaborates on what was being said.

No comma is necessary to introduce the quoted phrase. Margaret Reardon points out that today's economy cars are "better equipped" to handle accidents than the smaller cars of the past.

What are block quotations and how are they handled? Block, or indent, quotations longer than four lines of type. When a quotation is indented, the use of quotation marks is not necessary, and the page number is included outside the ending punctuation.

Like many people who enjoy a leisurely pace of living with such attendant activities as reading, painting, or gardening, I often long for a simpler time, a time when families amused themselves by telling stories after supper, as opposed to watching Baghdad get bombed.Place direct quotations longer than 40 words in a free-standing block of typewritten lines, and omit quotation marks.

Start the quotation on a new line, indented five spaces from the left margin. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and indent the first line of any subsequent paragraph within the quotation five spaces from the new margin.

To stop yourself from over-using outside sources, keep this simple rule of thumb in mind: For every line of a direct or indirect citing that you use, have at least one line of your own analysis regarding that quote. For example, if you have a quote that is three lines long, have at least three lines of your own writing in which you comment on.

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Notice that since I took a direct quote from John Smith's book, I placed those words in quotation marks. If you need help incorporating your sources into your essay, the first thing you'll need to remember is that quotes cannot stand alone--they can't be placed in a sentence all by themselves.

How To Write a Research Paper (MLA Format)

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